Deforming arthrosis (osteoarthritis) – a disease linked to malnutrition and degeneration of the articular surfaces and shock the cartilage, until its complete destruction in the area of intervention.
Usually a deforming arthrosis registered in the united kingdom and in advanced age, in the presence of factors and diseases is often detected during the surveys, but does not manifest itself clinically.
Deforming arthrosis the most frequent and common disease of the joints. It is located in 70% of all diseases of the joints.
Causes
The exact cause of osteoarthritis deformans today, it is not clear, but have highlighted some of the factors, authentically increase the likelihood of its development. First of all, it is the general aging of the organism and the phenomena dystrophic tissues, the changes and the articular cartilage of the bags.
Factors that influence the development of osteoarthritis can be divided into:
- external - to him relate to overload of the joints (for example due to weight lifting), the constant injuries, the professional effects, hypothermia joints,
- interior - is the effect of inheritance with the frame stretched the ligaments and the joints, dysfunction of the ovaries, and menopausal changes in women, vascular disaster, the violation of blood circulation in the tissue of the cartilage, obesity.
Deforming arthrosis, as one of the symptoms can be alcoholism or myxedema, acromegaly or treatment with hormones, when congenital dislocation of the hip, Marfan syndrome (a hereditary disease characterized by an excessive mobility of joints and lengthening of the long bones). immobility joint)
The stages of development
In the development of deforming arthrosis there is a series of regular successive stages:
- reduction of aqueous cartilage, which leads to its thinning and dryness,
- the formation of cartilage defects and cracks,
- the destruction of the cartilage with simultaneous strong contraction of the articular space,
- the disappearance of the cartilage, with edges of bone
- motion compensating seal the ends of the bones, which are left without a cartilage surface,
- the bad functioning of the joints with sprains, fractures, and a violation of the functioning of the limbs.
The symptoms of arthrosis deformans
First of all, the main event of deforming arthrosis is
- the pain on the inside of the joint, increasing after exercise or at night,
- it affects individual joints,
- the affected joints are not symmetrical,
- when this does not happen common manifestations of injury to the joints,
- no fever,
- there is a strong redness of the joints,
- no change in the analysis.
The process occurs most frequently in the knee, hip, or interphalangeal joint.
If the disease progresses to the degree of destruction of the cartilage, occurs painful locking of the joint, when you walk, it manifests with severe pain, that does not move the legs and makes you stay. This happens for a reason falling in the joint cavity pieces of cartilage or small fragments of bones (articular "click").
In the field of joints, phalanges occur appliances, very solid formation, with the joints are not much deformed, the muscles are not atrophy, there is immobility of the articulation.
Within the joints during the journey and hear the crackling because of the friction of the uneven surfaces in the other.
Because of pain and limitation of mobility can form contractures (muscle contractions), which shortens the feet or hands.
Deforming arthrosis in its manifestations, similar to the various forms of arthritis, in the first place, it is necessary to distinguish with rheumatoid arthritis.
Diagnostics
Typical criteria for the diagnosis of deforming arthrosis does not exist, it is possible to externally recognize only the nodes on the phalanges. Suspect osteoarthritis occurs when:
- typical defeat of the joints,
- along the development of the disease for many years,
- the advanced age of the patient.
The basis of diagnostic – radiology, occur even before the period of the clinical manifestations and syndrome painful.
Occurs with narrowing of the joint space, changes with flattening and deformation of the surfaces of the joint, instability in common with distortions and subluxation, the visible edge of the growth of the bones, osteosclerosi (excessive increase of bone density).
The progress of the process of the detected peaks for bone and hillocks, joint and crack can become wedge-shaped.
Integrates research arthroscopy, the research of blood in the absence of signs of inflammation.
It is necessary to search as sugar diabetes liquid.
The treatment of deforming arthrosis
The same symptoms can be signs of different diseases, and the disease may flow not from the manual. Do not try to heal yourself — see your doctor.
The treatment involved the best, and orthopaedic traumatologists and orthopedists.
Methods of treatment of arthrosis deformans depends on the degree of involvement in the process of the joints, but also by the length of the defeat and of the presence of pain syndrome.
First of all, you apply the therapy, conservative
- reduction of the load on the joints,
- the reduction of weight,
- the application of metabolites – the course of aloe, gumsole, or of the vitreous body via the intramuscular route exchange,
- used stimulating the recovery of cartilage injections intramuscular exchange.
Complete the treatment
- the use of drugs,
- anti-inflammatory therapy.
If there is inflammation in the joints, shown a course of hormones – hydrocortisone into the joint.
Also used the complex of massages, physiotherapy, impact, mud, heat exposure. Useful to have a spa treatment.
In advanced cases helps surgical treatment – arthroplasty of the joint. In the following shows the unloading of the joints, reduction of body weight, walks leaning on a cane or crutches, physiotherapy exercises.
Forecast
Deforming arthrosis without the necessary maturation is slow, but steady and progressive. Leads to disability and substantial disruption of the function of the joints and movement disorders. Then, when you experience the first signs of osteoarthritis is indicated for the active treatment, the duration of the exchange for 1-2 months.